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JLPT N2 Vocabulary
All Vocabulary for JLPT N2
JLPT N2 Vocabulary (1748)
あいかわらず as usual, as always, as before あきれる to be amazed, to be shocked, to be astonished あくび yawn, yawning, kanji "yawning" radical (radical 76) あたりまえ natural, reasonable, obvious あてはまる to apply (of a rule), to be applicable (of standards, lessons あぶる to warm (e.g. one's hands over a fire), to dry, to toast あらすじ outline, summary, argument あれこれ this and that, this or that, one thing or another あわただしい busy, hectic, hurried あわてる to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised) いきなり abruptly, suddenly, all of a sudden いちいち one-by-one, separately, every single いってらっしゃい have a good day, take care, see you いよいよ more and more, all the more, increasingly うっかり carelessly, thoughtlessly, inadvertently うろうろ restlessly, aimlessly, without purpose うんと a great deal, very much, a lot おかけください please sit down, please have a seat おかげさまで thankfully, fortunately, luckily おかず small dish (usu. one of several accompanying rice), side dish, fill おしゃれ stylish, fashionable, trendy おじゃまします please excuse the intrusion, I'm coming in おとなしい gentle, quiet, mild おどかす to threaten, to menace, to intimidate おはよう good morning おまちどおさま I'm sorry to have kept you waiting おめでたい (matter) for congratulations, worthy of celebration, happy (occasion おやすみ holiday, day off, absence おやつ between-meal snack, mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack, afternoon refreshment お代わり another helping, second helping, seconds お出掛け about to start out, just about to leave or go out, outing お参り visit (to a shrine, grave, etc.) お帰り return, welcome home お手伝いさん maid かしこまりました certainly! かじる to gnaw, to nibble, to bite かゆい itchy からかう to tease, to make fun of, to poke fun at きっかけ chance, start, cue ぎっしり tightly (packed), densely, closely くしゃみ sneeze, spoken twice in response to someone sneezing as a charm against an early death くたびれる to get tired, to become exhausted, to grow weary くだらない trivial, trifling, insignificant くっつく to adhere to, to stick to, to cling to くっつける to attach, to stick together, to paste くどい repetitious, long-winded, tedious くれぐれも sincerely, earnestly, wholeheartedly こうして thus, in this way こしらえる to make, to manufacture こちらこそ it is I who should say so こっそり stealthily, secretly, in secret こないだ the other day, lately, recently こぼす to spill, to drop, to shed (tears) こぼれる to spill, to fall out of, to overflow こらえる to bear, to stand, to endure こんばんは good evening ごちそうさま thank you (for the meal), that was a delicious meal, thank you (for displaying lovey-dovey behaviour) ごめんください may I come in?, please forgive me, I'm sorry さっさと quickly, promptly, immediately さようなら farewell, adieu, goodbye しつこい insistent, obstinate, persistent しびれる to become numb, to go to sleep (e.g. a limb), to get an electric shock しぼむ to wither (of flowers, dreams, etc.) しみじみ keenly, deeply, fully しゃがむ to squat, to crouch しゃっくり hiccup, hiccough しゃぶる to suck, to lick しょうがない there's no (other) way, cannot be helped, unavoidable じゃんけん rock-paper-scissors (game), janken じゅうたん carpet, rug, runner すっきり refreshingly, with a feeling of relief, pleasantly すまない inexcusable, unjustifiable, unpardonable ずらす to shift, to move, to slide ずらり in a row, in a line せっせと diligently, assiduously, industriously せめて at least, at most, (even) just そういえば now that you mention it, come to think of it, that reminds me そそっかしい careless, thoughtless, hasty そのため hence, for that reason そのほか the rest, the others, in addition (to that) それなのに and yet, despite this, but even so たちまち in an instant, in a moment, immediately ためらう to hesitate, to waver たんす chest of drawers, bureau, cabinet だます to trick, to cheat, to deceive だらしない slovenly (appearance, work, etc.) ちぎる to tear to pieces, to tear to shreds, to tear up ついで opportunity, occasion, chance つまずく to trip (over), to stumble, to fail でたらめ nonsense, irresponsible remark, codswallop とっくに long ago, a long time ago, already ともかく anyhow, anyway, somehow or other どうせ anyhow, in any case, at any rate どうぞよろしく pleased to meet you, how do you do, my regards (to someone) どっと bursting out (laughter), breaking out (applause), roaring どなる to shout (in anger), to yell なぐる to strike, to hit, to beat なだらか gently sloping, gentle, gradual なんとなく somehow or other, for some reason or another, without knowing why のこぎり saw, musical saw のろのろ slowly, sluggishly はきはき briskly, smartly, promptly はじめまして nice to meet you, I'm glad to make your acquaintance, how do you do? はめる to fit (e.g. a pane into a frame), to insert (e.g. a cork), to fasten (a button) ばね spring (device), spring (in one's legs), bounce ひとまず for now, for the time being, for the present ひとりでに by itself, automatically, naturally ふざける to joke, to jest, to kid ふわふわ lightly (floating, drifting, etc.) ぶつかる to bump into, to run into, to collide with ぶつける to hit (e.g. one's head), to strike, to knock ぶつぶつ grunt, grumble, complaint へそ navel, belly button, protrusion or depression in the middle of an object ぼろ rag, old cloth, tattered clothes まあまあ so-so, passable, not (so) bad まごまご confused, flustered, at a loss またぐ to step over, to step across, to stride over まぶた eyelid みっともない shameful, disgraceful, unsightly めちゃくちゃ absurd, unreasonable, nonsensical めっきり remarkably, noticeably, considerably めでたい happy, auspicious, propitious めまい dizziness, giddiness, vertigo もしかしたら perhaps, maybe, perchance もしかすると perhaps, possibly, maybe もたれる to lean against, to lean on, to recline on もったいない wasteful, a waste, too good やかましい noisy, loud, clamorous やたら indiscriminately, blindly, at random やっつける to beat, to attack (an enemy), to do away with やむをえない cannot be helped, unavoidable ゆでる to boil (something in hot water), to treat with medicinal steam (a swelling, etc.) よこす to send, to forward, to hand over (e.g. money) アイデア idea アクセント accent (on a syllable, word), stress アンテナ antenna, thing or method used to collect information or opinions イコール equal, equivalent, equals sign インキ ink インタビュー interview (on television, in a newspaper, etc.) ウーマン woman ウール wool エチケット politeness, good manners, courtesy エプロン apron, apron (airport), apron (stage) オイル oil, petroleum, oil オルガン organ (musical instrument) オーケストラ orchestra オートメーション automation オーバーコート overcoat カセット cassette (tape), game cartridge カバー cover, covering, dust jacket カラー calla (variety of arum lily) カロリー calorie カーブ (wine) cellar ガム chewing gum, gum, rubber キャンパス campus ギャング gang, gangster クリーニング cleaning, dry cleaning, laundry service クーラー air conditioner, cooler コック cock, tap, spigot コレクション collection (of art, stamps, etc.) コンクリート concrete コンクール competition, contest コンセント (electrical) outlet, (wall) socket, power point コース course, route, trail コーラス chorus ゴム gum, rubber, eraser サイレン siren サラリーマン office worker, company employee, company man サンプル sample, example, specimen サークル group with a common interest (e.g. students), club (e.g. company sports club), circle シャッター (camera) shutter, shutter (for a door, window シリーズ series シーズン season (period in which regulated games are played), season (division of the year), season (of a TV show シーツ sheet, bed sheet スカーフ scarf (esp. a lightweight summer scarf worn by women) スクール school スケジュール schedule, program, calendar スタート start, beginning, starting (e.g. a race) スチュワーデス stewardess, (female) flight attendant ステージ stage (platform), performance, show ストッキング stockings ストップ stop スピーカー speaker スマート smart (clothing, etc.), stylish スライド slide (for projection), transparency, (microscope) slide セメント cement センチ centimeter, centimetre, centi- ゼミ seminar ダイヤモンド diamond, diamond, infield ダイヤル dial (e.g. telephone, radio, clock ダブル double, double bed, hotel room with a double bed ダム dam チップ chip, microchip, chip (in poker チョーク choke (hold), choke (of an engine) テニスコート tennis court テンポ tempo テーマ theme, topic, subject matter トレーニング training (for a skill, job, sport ナイロン nylon ナンバー number, number plate, license plate ネックレス necklace ハンドル handle, steering wheel, handlebar バイバイ bye-bye, goodbye, saying goodbye バケツ bucket, pail バック back, rear, background バランス balance バンド band (group of musicians), band (material), strap パターン pattern, behavioural pattern, behavioral pattern パンツ underpants, pants, briefs ビタミン vitamin ビニール vinyl, plastic, vinyl record ビルディング multi-floor building, multi-storey building, tall building ピストル pistol ピンク pink, erotic, blue ファスナー zip fastener, zipper, zip フライパン fry pan, frying pan フリー free (of restraint, controls, etc.) ブラウス blouse ブラシ brush ブローチ broach (cutting tool) プラスチック plastic プラットホーム platform プリント print, printing, (printed) copy プログラム program (of events, music, etc.) ヘリコプター helicopter ベテラン veteran (in a particular field), person with a lot of experience, old hand ペンチ cutting pliers, lineman's pliers, combination pliers ボーナス bonus ポスター poster マイナス minus, subtraction, taking away マスク (face) mask, (facial) features, looks マフラー (thick) scarf, muffler, muffler (for a vehicle exhaust) マラソン malathion (insecticide) マンション condominium (usu. mid or high-rise), apartment building, apartment house ミシン sewing machine ミリ milli-, 10^-3, millimetre メニュー menu, schedule, program メーター animator モダン modern, lug arm tips (on glasses), temple tips モデル model, dummy, mock-up モノレール monorail モーター motor ラッシュアワー rush hour ランチ ranch ランニング running, tank top (worn as an undergarment or sportswear), vest リズム rhythm リットル litre, liter リボン ribbon レインコート raincoat, mackintosh, macintosh レジャー leisure レベル Revell レンズ lens ロッカー locker, rocker ロビー lobby, lounge ローマじ Latin alphabet, Roman alphabet, romaji ワンピース One Piece (popular manga series) 一休み (short) rest, breather, break 一定 veritably, verily, to be sure 一応 more or less, though not quite satisfactorily, after a fashion 一斉 simultaneous, all at once 一旦 once, for a short time, briefly 一段 one-tenth hectare 一流 first-class, first-rate, top-flight 一通り generally, in the main, briefly (look over 万歳 banzai, hurray, hurrah 三日月 crescent moon, young moon 三角 triangle, triangular shape 上り ascent, climbing, ascending (path) 上下 top and bottom, up and down, high and low 上旬 first third of a month, first ten days of a month 上級 upper level, upper grade, high rank 下品 vulgar, indecent, coarse 下旬 last third of a month, 21st to the last day of a month 下書き draft, rough copy 下水 water flowing underneath, one's true feelings, kanji "water" radical at bottom (radical 85) 下町 low-lying part of a city (usu. containing shops, factories, etc.) 下線 underline, underscore 下車 alighting (from a train, bus, etc.) 下降 descent, fall, drop 下駄 geta, traditional Japanese wooden sandal, turn (in set-type proofing) 不潔 unclean, dirty, unsanitary 不規則 irregular, unsystematic, unsteady 不通 suspension, interruption, stoppage 不運 misfortune, bad luck, ill luck 両側 both sides 並木 roadside trees, row of trees 並行 going side-by-side, going abreast, running concurrently 中世 Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods), medieval times, mediaeval times 中味 contents, interior, filling 中年 middle-age, middle age, midlife 中性 neutrality (incl. chemical, electrical, etc.) 中指 middle finger, long finger, second finger 中旬 middle ten days of a month, 11th to 20th day of a month 中身 contents, interior, filling 中途 halfway, midway, partway 中間 samurai's attendant, footman 主役 leading part, leading actor, leading actress 主語 subject 丼 bowl, bowl of food 乗換 transfer (trains, buses, etc.) 乗車 boarding (a train, bus, etc.) 乱暴 violence, assault, rowdiness 乾かす to dry (clothes, etc.), to desiccate 乾杯 cheers, bottoms-up, prosit 乾燥 dryness, aridity, drying (e.g. clothes) 乾電池 dry cell battery 予備 reserve, spare, preparation 争う to go against, to fight against, to oppose 五十音 the Japanese syllabary 井戸 water well 亡くす to lose (through death; e.g. a wife, child) 交ざる to be mixed, to be blended with, to associate with 交じる to be mixed, to be blended with, to be combined 交ぜる to mix, to stir, to blend 交差 crossing, intersection, (genetic) crossing over 交替 change, alternation, rotation 交流 exchange (e.g. cultural), interchange, interaction 交通機関 (means of) transportation, transport, transportation facilities 人命 (human) life 人差指 index finger, forefinger, second toe 人文科学 humanities, arts 人通り pedestrian traffic 人造 artificial, man-made, imitation 仕上がる to be finished, to be completed, to be done 付合う to associate with, to keep company with, to go out with 付近 neighborhood, neighbourhood, vicinity 代える to replace, to convert, to change 代る to succeed, to relieve, to replace 代名詞 pronoun, synonym, classic example 以後 after this, from now on, hereafter 以降 on and after, from ... onward, since 仮名 kana, Japanese syllabaries (i.e. hiragana and katakana) 仮名遣い kana orthography, syllabary spelling 仮定 assumption, supposition, hypothesis 仲直り reconciliation, making up (with), making peace (with) 仲良し close friendship, close friend, good friend 休息 rest, relief, relaxation 休業 suspension of business, temporary closure (of a store, school 休講 cancellation (of a lecture, class, etc.) 休養 rest, relaxation, recreation 会館 meeting hall, assembly hall 伝わる to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.) 伝染 contagion, infection 伝記 biography, life story 伯父さん uncle, old man, mister 但し but, however, provided that 低下 fall, decline, lowering 住まい dwelling, house, residence 住居 dwelling, house, residence 体制 order, system, structure 体操 gymnastics, physical exercises, artistic gymnastics 体積 capacity, volume 体系 system, organization, organisation 何々 what, so-and-so, such and such 何分 what minute, how many minutes 余る to remain, to be left over, to be in excess 余所 another place, somewhere else, strange parts 余計 extra, more, too much 佚 lost, hide, peace 作成 making (a report, plan, contract 作者 creator (of a work), author, writer 作製 manufacture, production 例える to compare (something) to, to liken, to speak figuratively 例外 exception 侵入 invasion, incursion, raid 便所 hairdresser's room in the residence of the shogun or a noble 便箋 writing paper, stationery, notepaper 係わる to be involved (in), to get involved (in), to concern oneself (with) 俄 sudden, abrupt, improvised 保健 preservation of health, hygiene, sanitation 信ずる to believe, to believe in, to place trust in 修繕 repair, mending 俳句 haiku, 17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5 倉庫 storehouse, warehouse, godown 個体 individual, specimen 個所 place, point, part 倣う to imitate, to follow, to copy 偉い great, excellent, admirable 停止 stoppage, coming to a stop, halt 停車 stopping (of a train, car, etc.) 停電 power outage, electricity outage, blackout 偶数 even number 傑作 masterpiece, masterwork, chef d'oeuvre 催し event, festivities, function 催促 pressing, urging, demanding 傾く to lean (esp. of a ripe ear of rice), to incline, to slant 儀式 ceremony, rite, ritual 儲かる to be profitable, to yield a profit 儲ける to profit, to get, to earn 元々 originally, from the start, from the beginning 先々月 month before last 先々週 week before last 先祖 ancestor, forefather, foremother 先程 a short while ago, a moment ago, just now 先端 pointed end, tip, point 先頭 head (of a line, group, etc.) 光線 beam, light ray 免税 tax exemption, duty exemption 児童 children, juvenile 入れ物 container, case, receptacle 入社 joining a company, getting a job with a company, starting work at a company 全般 (the) whole, as a whole, in general 全身 whole (body), full-length (e.g. portrait), systemic 全集 complete works, complete collection, complete series 公共 public (facilities, service, etc.) 公務 official business, public business 公害 pollution, public nuisance, contamination 公式 official, formal, formula (e.g. mathematical) 公正 justice, fairness, impartiality 公衆 the public, general public 公表 official announcement, proclamation 兵隊 soldier, sailor 具える to furnish with, to equip with, to provide 兼ねる to be unable to, to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward 内科 internal medicine, department of internal medicine 内線 phone extension, indoor wiring, inner line 円周 circumference 再三 again and again, repeatedly 再来年 year after next 再来月 month after next 再来週 week after next 写る to be photographed, to be projected 写生 sketching, drawing from nature, portrayal 冠 crown, best, peerless 冷ます to cool (e.g. from a high temperature to room temperature), to let cool, to dampen 冷める to cool down, to get cold, to cool off (excitement 冷やす to cool (from room temperature), to chill, to refrigerate 冷凍 freezing, cold storage, refrigeration 凍える to freeze (of one's body), to be frozen, to become numb (with cold) 凸凹 unevenness, roughness, ruggedness 凹む to cave in, to become depressed, to sink 出入り going in and out, entering and exiting, visiting regularly 出入口 exit and entrance 出勤 going to work, leaving for work, attendance (at work) 出合い meeting, rendezvous, encounter 出張 business trip, official trip 出掛ける to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing), to leave, to depart 出来上がり completion, finish, workmanship 出来上がる to be completed, to be finished, to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat) 出迎え meeting, reception 出迎える to meet, to greet 分かれる to branch, to fork, to diverge 分る to understand, to comprehend, to grasp 分布 distribution 分数 fraction 分解 disassembly, dismantling, disaggregating 分量 amount, quantity, measuring 分類 classification, categorization, sorting 列島 archipelago, chain of islands 初めに first, firstly, first of all 初旬 first 10 days of the month 初級 elementary level, beginner level 判事 judge, judiciary 判子 seal (used in lieu of a signature), stamp, chop 別々 separate, respective, different 別荘 holiday house, vacation home, villa 利害 advantages and disadvantages, interests (of parties) 制作 work (film, book), production 刷る to print, to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold 刺さる to stick into (of something with a sharp point), to prick, to pierce 刺す to pierce, to stab, to prick 刺身 sashimi (raw sliced fish, shellfish or crustaceans) 刻む to mince, to cut fine, to chop up 剃る to shave 剃刀 razor 削る to shave off (esp. concrete), to take a percentage, to take a cut 削除 deletion, elimination, erasure 前後 front and rear, front and back, before and behind 剥く to peel, to skin, to pare 剥す to tear off, to peel off, to rip off 副詞 adverb 割と comparatively, relatively, fairly 割引 discount, reduction, rebate 割算 division 創作 creation, production, creative work (novel 力強い powerful, strong, forceful 功績 achievement, meritorious deed, distinguished service 加熱 heating, application of heat 加速 acceleration, speeding up 加速度 acceleration 助かる to be saved, to be rescued, to survive 助教授 assistant professor, associate professor 努める to endeavor (to do), to endeavour, to try hard 効力 effect, efficacy, validity 勇ましい brave, valiant, gallant 動作 movement (of the body), action, motion 勘違い misunderstanding, mistaken idea, wrong guess 務める to work (for), to be employed (at), to serve (in) 勝敗 victory or defeat, outcome (of a game, battle 勝負 victory or defeat, match, contest 募集 recruitment, invitation, selection 匂う to be fragrant, to smell (good), to stink 包帯 bandage, dressing 包装 packing, wrapping 北極 North Pole, the Arctic 匙 spoon 区分 division, section, demarcation 区切る to divide, to separate, to partition 区域 area, zone, district 半島 peninsula, Korea 半径 radius 卑怯 cowardly, craven, unfair 卒直 frank, candid, straightforward 南北 north and south, north to south, South Korea and North Korea 南極 South Pole, the Antarctic, Antarctica 南米 South America 単数 single, one, singular (number) 占う to tell someone's fortune, to divine (the future), to predict 危うい dangerous, in danger, facing imminent danger 却って on the contrary, rather, instead 卸す to sell wholesale, to grate (e.g. vegetables), to cut up fish 厚かましい impudent, shameless, brazen 原始 origin, beginning, genesis 原料 raw materials, ingredient 原理 principle, theory, fundamental truth 原産 place of origin, habitat 原稿 manuscript, copy, draft 厳重 strict, severe, stringent 又は or, either ... or ... 友好 friendship 反る to return, to come back, to go back 反映 reflection (of light), reflection (of society, attitudes 反省 reflection, reconsideration, introspection 叔父さん uncle, old man, mister 取り入れる to take in, to gather in, to adopt (e.g. an idea) 取り出す to take out, to produce, to pick out 取り消す to cancel, to withdraw, to retract 受け持つ to take (be in) charge of 受取 receiving, receipt 受話器 (telephone) receiver 受験 taking an examination (esp. for entrance to a school or university) 口実 excuse, pretext 口紅 lipstick 古典 classic (work, esp. book), the classics 句読点 punctuation mark 只 only, free, in addition 可決 approval, adoption (of a motion, bill 司会 leading a meeting, presiding over a meeting, officiating at a ceremony 各々 each, you (plural) 各地 each place, every place, various places 各自 each (person), everyone, individual 合同 combination, union, joining 合流 confluence (of rivers), flowing together, joining 合理 rationality 吊す to hang, to hang up 吊る to hang, to suspend, to sling 同格 the same rank, equality, apposition 名作 masterpiece, masterwork 名刺 business card 名字 surname, family name, last name 名所 name of a part (of a tool, weapon, musical instrument 名物 famous product, special product, speciality 名詞 noun 吐き気 nausea, feeling like throwing up, feeling sick 向う to face, to go towards, to head towards 含める to include (in a group or scope), to instruct, to make one understand 吹雪 snow storm, blizzard 呑気 easy, easygoing, carefree 周辺 circumference, outskirts, environs 味わう to taste, to savor, to savour 呼び出す to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.) 呼び掛ける to call out to, to hail, to address 命ずる to order, to command, to appoint 和服 Japanese clothes 和英 Japanese-English, Japanese-English dictionary 咥える to hold in one's mouth, to bring with, to take along 唇 lips 商店 shop, store, firm 商業 commerce, trade, business 商社 trading company 問い合わせ inquiry, query, enquiry 問答 questions and answers, dialogue 嗅ぐ to sniff, to smell 器具 utensil, implement, tool 器械 machine, mechanism, instrument 噴水 water fountain 噴火 eruption, volcanic eruption 囁く to whisper, to murmur, to rumor 四つ角 four corners, crossroads, intersecting street 四季 the four seasons 四捨五入 rounding (off; a number), rounding half away from zero, rounding off (views) 四角 quadrilateral, square 四角い square, rectangular 回り道 detour, circuitous route, diversion 回数 number of times, frequency, count 回数券 coupon tickets, discount tickets, book of tickets 回答 reply, answer 回転 rotation, revolution, turn 因る to be due to, to be caused by, to depend on 団地 multi-unit apartments, apartment complex 図形 figure, shape, graphic 図表 chart, diagram, graph 図鑑 pictorial book, picture book, illustrated reference book 固まる to harden, to solidify, to become firm 国王 king, queen, monarch 国立 national, founded and run by the central government 国籍 nationality, citizenship, nationality (ship 園芸 horticulture, gardening 圧縮 compression, condensing, shortening 在る to be, to exist, to live 在学 attending (school, college, etc.) 地下水 underground water 地名 place name, toponym 地味 soil fertility, soil quality, productivity of the soil 地帯 zone, area, belt 地点 spot, point, place 地盤 ground, crust (earth), bed (gravel 地質 quality of a fabric or cloth, texture of a fabric 坊さん Buddhist priest, monk, boy 坊っちゃん Botchan (1906 novel by Natsume Sōseki) 坊や boy, son, child 垂直 vertical, perpendicular 垣根 hedge, fence, border 埋める to bury (e.g. in the ground), to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall), to cause to be packed 執筆 writing, authoring 基地 base (military, expedition, etc.) 基準 standard, criterion, norm 基盤 base, basis, foundation 基礎 foundation, basis 堀 ditch, moat, canal 堅い hard, solid, tough 塊 clod, lump, chunk 塞がる to be closed, to be blocked, to be healed (e.g. wound) 塞ぐ to stop up, to close up, to block (up) 塩辛い salty (taste), briny 塵紙 tissue paper, toilet paper 塵芥 rubbish, trash, garbage 境界 land boundary, border (between properties) 増やす to increase, to add to, to augment 増大 enlargement, increase 増減 increase and decrease, fluctuation 墨 black ink, India ink, ink stick 売り切れ sold-out 売り切れる to be sold out 売上 amount sold, sales, proceeds 売店 stand, stall, booth 売行き sales, demand 売買 crossing (shares) 夕刊 evening paper 夕日 evening sun, setting sun 夕立 (sudden, heavy) shower (on a summer afternoon or evening), evening shower 外れる to be disconnected, to get out of place, to be off 外科 surgery (branch of medicine), department of surgery 外部 outside (e.g. of a building), exterior, outside (of a group 夜行 walking around at night, night travel, night train 夜間 night, nighttime 大して (not) very, (not) so, (not) very much 大凡 about, roughly, approximately 大学院 graduate school 大小 size, large and small (sizes), various sizes 大層 very, extremely, exceedingly 大工 carpenter 大木 large tree 大通り main street, avenue, boulevard 天皇 Emperor of Japan 太鼓 drum 夫妻 husband and wife, married couple 失恋 disappointed love, broken heart, unrequited love 女の人 woman 女房 wife (esp. one's own wife), court lady, female court attache 好き好き matter of taste 好き嫌い likes and dislikes, tastes, preferences 妥当 valid, proper, right 妨げる to disturb, to prevent, to obstruct 始めに first, firstly, first of all 始終 continuously, from beginning to end, from first to last 姓 surname 姪 niece 姿勢 posture, pose, position 威張る to put on airs, to act big, to throw one's weight about 娯楽 amusement, entertainment, recreation 嫌がる to appear uncomfortable (with), to seem to hate, to express dislike 子孫 descendant, progeny, offspring 存じる to know, to be aware (of), to be acquainted (with) 存ずる to know, to be aware (of), to be acquainted (with) 孝行 filial piety, showing devotion (to someone) 学会 learned society, scientific society, academy 学力 scholarly ability, scholarship, knowledge 学年 academic year, school year, year in school 学科 subject (of study), course of study, department (of a university) 学級 (school) class 学術 science, learning, scholarship 学部 department (of a university), faculty, school 安易 easy, simple, easygoing 官庁 government office, government agency, authorities 定休日 regular holiday, fixed day off, regular closing day 定価 list price, regular price, established price 定員 fixed number (of people), prescribed number (of regular personnel, students 定期券 commuter pass, season ticket 定規 (measuring) ruler 宛名 name and address (on an envelope, etc.), (addressee's) name 実る to bear fruit, to ripen, to produce (good) results 実例 example, illustration, precedent 実力 (real) ability, true strength, merit 実感 real feeling, actual feeling, to actually feel 実物 ornamental plant used primarily for the visual effect of its fruit 実用 practical use, utility 実績 achievements, actual results, accomplishments 実習 practice (in the field), training (esp. practical and hands-on), practical exercise 客席 guest seating (e.g. theater, stadium), passenger seat (e.g. taxi) 客間 drawing room, parlor, parlour 宣伝 publicity, advertisement, advertising 宴会 party, banquet, reception 家主 landlord, landlady, house owner 家屋 house, building 容器 container, receptacle, vessel 容積 capacity, volume 寄せる to come near, to let someone approach, to bring near 寒帯 frigid zone 寝台 bed, couch 寝巻 nightclothes, nightwear, sleepwear 寝間着 nightclothes, nightwear, sleepwear 寮 dormitory, hostel, villa 寸法 measurement, size, extent 寺院 Buddhist temple, religious building, church 対照 contrast, antithesis, comparison 対策 measure, step, countermeasure 寿命 lifespan, life, lifetime 専制 despotism, autocracy 射す to shine 将棋 shogi, Japanese chess 小便 urine, piss, pee 小学生 elementary school student, primary school student, grade school student 小指 little finger, pinky, little toe 小数 fraction (part of), decimal fraction 小父さん uncle, old man, mister 小遣い pocket money, spending money, pin money 尖る to taper to a point, to become pointed, to become sharp 就任 assumption (of office), taking up (a post), inauguration 屋外 outside near the door to one's home 屑 rubbish, junk, trash 展開 development, evolution, progression 属する to entrust (someone) with, to pin one's hopes on (someone's future), to have great expectations for 山林 mountain forest, forest on a mountain, forest land 岬 headland, cape, spit 峠 mountain peak, mountain pass, climax 崩す to destroy, to demolish, to pull down 崩れる to collapse, to crumble, to get out of shape 巡る to go around, to make a circle around, to surround 巡査 police officer, policeman, constable 工事 construction work 工員 factory worker 工夫 labourer, laborer, workman 工芸 industrial arts, craft 差し引き deduction, subtraction, balance 差し支え hindrance, impediment 巻く to wind, to coil, to roll 帰す to come to (in the end), to end in, to attribute 干す to air, to dry, to desiccate 平仮名 hiragana, cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections 平凡 ordinary, common, commonplace 平日 weekday, ordinary days (i.e. non-holiday), kanji radical 73 平気 cool, calm, composed 平野 plain, open field 年度 fiscal year (usu. April 1 to March 31 in Japan), financial year, academic year 幼児 young child, toddler, child over 1 but not yet of school age 幼稚 infancy, childish, infantile 幼稚園 kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school), preschool 幾分 somewhat, to some extent, to some degree 広々 extensive, spacious 広げる to spread, to extend, to expand 広さ area, extent, dimensions 広める to spread, to propagate, to popularize 広場 public square, square, plaza 床の間 tokonoma (alcove where art or flowers are displayed) 床屋 barbershop, barber shop, barber 庖丁 kitchen knife, cooking, food 店屋 store, shop 座布団 zabuton, flat floor cushion used when sitting or kneeling; usu. rectangular 座敷 tatami room, tatami mat room, formal Japanese room 延ばす to grow long (e.g. hair, nails), to lengthen 延びる to stretch, to extend, to lengthen 延長 extension, elongation, prolongation 建つ to be erected, to be built 引き止める to detain, to check, to restrain 引っ掛かる to be caught in, to be stuck in, to stop by 引っ繰り返す to turn over, to turn upside down, to turn up 引っ繰り返る to be overturned, to be reversed, to turn over 引っ込む to draw back, to sink, to cave in 引出す to pull out, to take out, to draw out 引分け draw (in competition), tie game 引力 attraction (e.g. magnetic, gravitation), affinity 引受る to take on, to undertake, to accept 引算 subtraction 引越し moving (dwelling, office, etc.) 引返す to turn back, to go back, to come back 弱点 weak point, weakness, shortcoming 張り切る to be in high spirits, to be full of vigor (vigour), to be enthusiastic 強化 strengthening, intensifying, reinforcement 強引 overbearing, coercive, pushy 強気 great, grand, obstinate 当日 day in question, appointed day, that very day 当番 being on duty, person on duty, one's turn 形容動詞 adjectival noun (in Japanese), quasi-adjective, nominal adjective 形容詞 adjective, i-adjective (in Japanese) 形式 form (as opposed to substance), format, form 彫る to carve, to engrave, to sculpt 彫刻 carving, engraving, sculpture 役人 government official 役所 assigned role, duty, position 役目 duty, role, function 役者 actor, actress, man of wits 往復 making a round trip, going and returning, coming and going 待ち合わせる to rendezvous, to meet at a prearranged place and time, to arrange to meet 待合室 waiting room 後輩 junior (at work, school, etc.) 従姉妹 cousin (female) 御中 ... and Company, Messrs, for the attention of ... 御免 I'm sorry, my apologies, excuse me 御手洗 font of purifying water placed at the entrance of a shrine 御無沙汰 not writing or contacting for a while, neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit 御覧 (please) try to, (please) look, seeing 御辞儀 bow, bowing 御馳走 treat (esp. food and drink), entertainment, treating someone (to a meal) 循環 circulation, rotation, cycle 心当たり having in mind, happening to know (of), idea (of) 心得る to know, to understand, to be aware of 心身 mind and body 必需品 necessities, necessary article, requisite 応ずる to answer, to respond, to meet 応対 dealing with (people, customers, complaints 応接 reception (e.g. of visitors), dealing with 応援 aid, assistance, help 応用 (practical) application, putting to practical use, applied (e.g. physics 快晴 clear weather, cloudless weather, good weather 思いっ切り to one's heart's content, as much as one wants, as hard as one can 思い付く to think of, to hit upon, to come into one's mind 思い掛けない unexpected, contrary to expectations, by chance 思い込む to be convinced (that), to be under the impression (that), to feel sure (that) 怠る to neglect, to be negligent in, to be neglectful of 性別 (distinction of) sex, gender 性能 ability, performance, efficiency 性質 nature (of a person), disposition, temperament 怪しい suspicious, dubious, questionable 恋しい yearned for, longed for, missed 恐縮 feeling (much) obliged, being (very) grateful, being thankful 恨み resentment, grudge, malice 恨む to regret 恩恵 grace, favor, favour 恵まれる to be blessed with, to be rich in, to abound in 悔しい frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice), annoyed 悔やむ to mourn, to lament, to be sorry 悠々 quiet, calm, leisurely 惜しい regrettable, disappointing, unfortunate 意地悪 malicious, ill-tempered, unkind 意義 meaning, significance 感ずる to feel, to sense, to experience 感想 impressions, thoughts, feelings 感激 deep emotion, impression, inspiration 慰める to comfort, to console, to amuse 慶び joy, delight, rapture 慶ぶ to be delighted, to be glad, to be pleased 憎い hateful, detestable, abominable 憎む to hate, to detest 憎らしい odious, hateful, detestable 憧れる to long for, to yearn for, to hanker after 懐かしい dear (old), fondly remembered, beloved 成分 ingredient, component, composition 成立 formation, establishment, materialization 戸棚 cupboard, locker, closet 所々 here and there, in places 扇ぐ to fan, to incite, to instigate 扇子 folding fan 扇風機 electric fan 手入れ care, looking after, repair 手前 you, I, me 手帳 notebook, memo pad, (pocket) diary 手拭い (hand) towel 手洗い washing one's hands, water (or basin, etc.) for washing one's hands 手続き procedure, process, proceedings 手頃 handy, convenient, suitable 手首 wrist 打ち消す to deny, to contradict, to negate (esp. a sound) 打合せ (preparatory) meeting, briefing session, (making) advance arrangements 払い戻す to repay, to pay back, to refund 払い込む to deposit, to pay in 承る to hear, to be told, to know 投書 letter (e.g. of complaint), letter to the editor, letter from a reader 折角 with trouble, at great pains, rare 押える to pin down, to hold down, to press down 抽象 abstraction 担ぐ to shoulder, to carry on one's shoulder, to nominate for a position 拝む to assume the posture of praying, to press the palms and fingers of both hands together, to do reverence (e.g. before a statue of the Buddha) 拡充 expansion 拡張 expansion, extension, enlargement 括弧 brackets, parentheses 拭く to wipe, to dry 持参 bringing, taking, carrying 指定 designation, specification, assignment 挙げる to raise, to elevate, to do up (one's hair) 挟まる to get between, to be caught in 挟む to insert, to interrupt, to slip in a word 振り仮名 furigana, kana printed above or next to kanji to indicate pronunciation 振舞う to behave, to conduct oneself, to act 挿す to insert, to put in, to plant (a cutting) 捕える to catch, to capture, to seize 捕る to catch (a wild animal, fish, insect 捜す to search for, to look for, to hunt for 捩る to twist, to contort 捻る to twist, to screw, to wrench 掃く to sweep, to brush, to clean 掏摸 pickpocket 掘る to dig, to excavate, to hollow 掛け算 multiplication 採る to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.) 採点 marking, grading, scoring 探る to feel around for, to fumble for, to grope for 接する to touch, to come in contact with, to border on 接続 connection, attachment, union 接近 getting closer, drawing nearer, approaching 推定 presumption, assumption, estimation 掻く to scratch, to perspire, to shovel 揃う to be complete, to be all present, to make a full set 揃える to collect, to gather, to get together 揉む to rub, to crumple, to massage 揚げる to raise, to elevate, to do up (one's hair) 換気 ventilation 損得 loss and gain, advantage and disadvantage 摩擦 friction, rubbing, chafing 撒く to scatter, to sprinkle, to strew 撫でる to stroke, to caress, to brush gently 撮影 photography (still or motion), photographing, filming 擦る to rub in, to smear on, to spread on 改めて another time, again, over again 改める to change, to alter, to revise 改札 examination of tickets, ticket gate, ticket barrier 改正 revision, amendment, alteration 改造 remodeling, remodelling, reconstruction 攻める to attack, to assault, to assail 放る to get free, to be freed, to be released 放れる to get free (from), to be freed, to be released 政党 political party 教わる to be taught, to learn, to take lessons in 教養 (understanding or appreciation of) culture, (one's) education, cultivation 散らかす to scatter around, to leave untidy, to make a mess 散らかる to be in disorder, to lie scattered around 散らす to scatter, to cause a shower of, to disperse 散る to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves), to scatter 敬う to show respect for, to revere, to honour 敬語 honorific, term of respect, polite expression 整う to be ready, to be prepared, to be arranged 整備 maintenance, servicing, putting in place 整数 integer 敷く to spread out (e.g. a futon), to lay out, to lay down (e.g. a cushion) 敷地 site, plot, lot 文体 literary style, form of (written) language (e.g. classical, modern) 文房具 stationery 文献 literature, books (reference), document 文脈 context (of a passage), line of thought, context (of a matter 文芸 literature, the arts, art and literature 斜 diagonal, slanting, oblique 斜め slanting, tilted, sloping 斬る to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife 断定 conclusion, decision, judgement 断水 suspension of water supply, water outage 新幹線 Shinkansen, bullet train 方程式 equation, formula, method for solving a problem 方角 direction, way, point of the compass 方言 dialect, provincialism 方針 policy, course, plan (of action) 方面 direction, district, area 日の入り sunset 日の出 sunrise 日帰り day trip 日当たり exposure to the sun, sunny place, per day 日日 date (of a planned event, act, etc.) 日時 date and time (of a meeting, departure, etc.) 日用品 daily necessities 日程 schedule, program, programme 日課 daily routine, daily work, daily lesson 日陰 shade, shadow, sunshine 早口 fast-talking, rapid talking 早速 at once, immediately, without delay 明き space, room, gap 明け方 dawn, daybreak 映す to project, to reflect, to cast (shadow) 映る to be reflected, to harmonize with (harmonise), to come out (photo) 昼寝 (afternoon) nap, sleeping during the day, siesta 時速 speed (per hour) 時間割 timetable (esp. a weekly school timetable), schedule 普及 diffusion, spread, popularization 暖まる to warm oneself, to sun oneself, to warm up 暖める to warm (up), to heat (up), to sit on (an idea 暴れる to act violently, to rage, to struggle 曲げる to bend, to crook, to bow 曲線 curve 更ける to get late, to advance, to wear on 書取 writing down from other written material, writing kanji text from hiragana, transcription (of spoken material) 書店 bookshop, bookstore 書留 registered mail, registered post, registration (of mail) 書籍 book, publication 書道 calligraphy (esp. Asian calligraphy based on Chinese characters) 月日 month and day (of the year), (the) date 月末 end of the month 月給 monthly salary 有料 fee-charging, paid, not free 有無 existence or nonexistence, presence or absence, consent or refusal 有難い grateful, thankful, welcome 朗らか cheerful, merry, sunny 望遠鏡 telescope 期限 term, period, time frame 木材 lumber, timber, wood 未満 less than, under, below 末っ子 youngest child 本来 originally, primarily, essentially 本部 headquarters, head office, main office 杉 cedar, cryptomeria 材木 wood (for building), lumber, timber 来日 future day, later date 東洋 the East, the Orient, (East) Asia 東西 east and west, Orient and Occident, East and West 枕 pillow 枚数 the number of flat things, win-loss difference which influences the ranking of wrestlers 果して as was expected, just as one thought, sure enough 果実 fruit, nut, berry 枯れる to wither (of a plant), to be blasted, to die 架空 fictitious, imaginary, fanciful 栓 plug, bolt, cork 校庭 schoolyard, school playground, school grounds 校舎 school building, schoolhouse 格別 particular, special, exceptional 桁 beam, girder, spar 案外 unexpectedly, surprisingly, unexpected 梯子 ladder, stairs, going to several places in succession (e.g. barhopping) 棄てる to throw away, to cast away, to dump 森林 forest, woods 椀 wooden or lacquered bowl 植木 garden plant, garden tree, potted plant 楕円 ellipse, oval 楽器 musical instrument 概論 introduction, outline, general remarks 構造 structure, construction, makeup 標本 specimen, sample, (classic) example 標準 standard, criterion, norm 標識 sign, mark, marker 機関車 locomotive, engine 櫛 comb 欄 column, handrail, blank 次ぐ to follow, to come after, to come next (to) 欧米 Europe and the United States, Europe and America, the West 欲張り greed, avarice, covetousness 歌謡 song, ballad 正味 net (amount), clear, full (e.g. working hours) 正方形 square 正門 main gate, main entrance 正面 the front, honest, upright 武士 warrior, soldier, samurai 歯磨き dental brushing, brushing one's teeth, dentifrice 歯車 gear, cogwheel, cog (in an organization 死体 dead body, corpse, cadaver 残らず all, entirely, completely 殖える to increase, to multiply 殖やす to increase, to add to, to augment 段階 stairs, stairs at the front of a noh stage 殻 husk, nut shell 毎度 each time, always, often 比較的 comparatively, relatively 毛皮 fur, skin, pelt 毛糸 knitting wool, woolen yarn, woollen yarn 氏名 (full) name, identity 民謡 folk song, popular song 民間 private, non-governmental, non-official 気を付ける to be careful, to pay attention, to take care 気体 gas, vapour, vapor 気圧 atmospheric pressure 気配 indication, sign, hint 水分 water, liquid, fluid 水平 horizontal, level, even 水平線 horizon (related to bodies of water) 水曜 Wednesday 水滴 drop of water, vessel for replenishing inkstone water 水産 aquatic products, fisheries 水筒 canteen, flask, water bottle 水素 hydrogen (H) 水蒸気 water vapour, water vapor, steam 永い long (distance, length), long (time) 汁 soup, juice, broth 汚す to pollute, to contaminate, to soil 汲む to draw (water), to ladle, to dip up 油断 negligence, carelessness, inattention 治す to cure, to heal 治める to rule, to govern, to reign over 泊める to give shelter to, to lodge, to put up 法則 law, rule 注す to pour, to add (liquid), to serve (drinks) 洋品店 shop that handles Western-style apparel and accessories 洒落 impertinent, fresh, fashionable 洗剤 detergent, cleanser, cleaning agent 活力 vitality, energy, dynamism 活字 printing type, movable type, printed text 活躍 activity (esp. energetic or successful), great efforts, active participation 派手 showy, loud, flashy 流域 drainage basin, catchment basin, river basin 流石 as one would expect, just as you'd expect (from), just like (someone) 流行る to be popular, to come into fashion, to be prevalent 浮かべる to float, to set afloat, to launch 浮く to float, to become merry, to be cheerful 浮ぶ to float, to be suspended, to rise to the surface 浴衣 yukata (light cotton kimono worn in the summer or used as a bathrobe) 海水浴 swimming in the ocean, sea bathing, seawater bath 海洋 ocean, sea 浸ける to soak (in), to steep, to dip 消化 digestion (of food), digestion (of information), assimilation 消極的 negative, passive, half-hearted 消毒 disinfection, sterilization, sterilisation 消耗 exhaustion, consumption, using up 消防署 fire station 液体 liquid 涼む to cool oneself, to cool off, to enjoy the cool air 淡水 fresh water (i.e. not salt water) 深まる to deepen, to heighten, to intensify 深夜 late at night 混ざる to be mixed, to be blended with, to associate with 混じる to be mixed in with, to blend with 混ぜる to mix, to stir, to blend 混合 mixing, mixture, meld 清い clean, clear, pure 清む to become clear (water, air, etc.) 清掃 cleaning, clean-up, garbage collection 清書 fair copy, clean copy 渇く to be thirsty, to feel thirsty, to thirst for 温室 greenhouse, hothouse, conservatory 温帯 temperate zone 温泉 hot spring, onsen, hot spring resort 測る to measure, to weigh, to survey 測定 measurement 測量 measurement, surveying 湧く to well (up), to gush out (of water), to spring out 湯気 steam, vapour, vapor 湯飲み teacup 湿る to become damp, to become moist, to become wet 湿度 level of humidity 湿気 moisture, humidity, dampness 満員 full house, no vacancy, sold out 満点 perfect score, full marks, perfect 溜まる to collect, to gather, to save 溜める to amass, to accumulate, to store 溜息 sigh 溶かす to dissolve, to melt 溶く to dissolve (paint), to scramble (eggs), to melt (metal 溶ける to melt, to thaw, to fuse 溶け込む to melt into, to dissolve into, to merge into 溶岩 lava 滝 waterfall, rapids, cascade 漁師 fisherman 漁業 fishing industry, fishery 演劇 drama, theatre, theater 漢和 China and Japan, Chinese and Japanese (languages), dictionary with Japanese definitions of kanji and kanji compounds 漸く finally, at last, barely 潜る to dive (into or under water), to get under, to get into 潰す to smash, to crush, to flatten 潰れる to be crushed, to be squashed, to be smashed 澄む to become clear (water, air, etc.) 激増 sharp increase, sudden rise 濁る to become muddy, to become cloudy, to become turbid 濃度 concentration, density, cardinality 濡らす to wet, to moisten, to dampen 瀬戸物 earthenware, porcelain, china 火傷 burn, scald 火口 tinder, touchwood, charcloth 火山 volcano 灯台 lighthouse, old-fashioned interior light fixture comprising a wooden pole with an oil-filled dish and a wick atop it 灯油 kerosene, paraffin, lamp oil 灰色 grey, gray, ashen 災難 calamity, misfortune, disaster 炊く to cook (grains, e.g. rice), to boil 炊事 cooking, kitchen work 炒る to roast, to parch, to toast 炭鉱 coal mine, (coal) pit, colliery 点々 here and there, little by little, sporadically 点く to be lit (of a lamp, burner, etc.) 点ける to turn on, to switch on, to light up 点数 marks, points, score 為す to do, to commit, to carry out 為替 money order, draft, exchange (e.g. foreign) 焚く to burn, to kindle, to light (a fire) 無地 plain, unfigured, patternless 無数 innumerable, countless, numberless 無沙汰 not writing or contacting for a while, neglecting to write (call, visit 無限 infinity, infinitude, eternity 焦がす to burn, to scorch, to singe 焦げる to burn, to scorch, to char 焦点 focus, focal point, focus (of attention 煉瓦 brick 煎る to roast, to parch, to toast 煙い smoky 煙突 chimney, smokestack, funnel (of a ship) 照らす to shine on, to illuminate, to compare (with) 照る to shine, to look slightly upward (of a noh mask; indicating joy, etc.) 煮える to be boiled, to be cooked 煮る to boil, to simmer, to stew 熟語 kanji compound, idiom, idiomatic phrase 熱する to heat, to heat up, to get excited 燃やす to burn, to burn with (emotion, feeling) 爪 claw, nail, talon 父母 father and mother, parents 片付く to be put in order, to be put to rights, to be disposed of 片仮名 katakana, angular Japanese syllabary used primarily for loanwords 片寄る to lean (to one side), to incline, to be unbalanced (e.g. diet) 片道 one-way (trip), one-way ticket 牧場 farm (livestock), stock farm, ranch 牧畜 stock-farming, livestock farming, cattle breeding 物凄い terrific, staggering, tremendous 物差し ruler, measure 物置 storage room, storeroom, lumber room 物語る to tell (a story), to give an account of (an event, experience 物騒 dangerous, unsettled, troubled 特売 special sale, bargain sale 特定 specific, particular, designated 特殊 special, particular, peculiar 特色 characteristic, feature, idiosyncrasy 特長 strong point, forte, merit 狙い aim (of an arrow, etc.), aim 狙う to aim at (with a weapon, etc.), to be after (something or someone) 狡い sly, cunning, sneaky 独り言 soliloquy, monologue, speaking to oneself 献立 menu, bill of fare, program 王女 princess 現に actually, really 理科 science (inc. mathematics, medicine, etc.) 琴 harp, koto 瓦 tile, gram 瓶詰 bottling, bottled 甘やかす to pamper, to spoil 甚だしい extreme, excessive, terrible 生える to grow, to spring up, to sprout 生き生き in a lively way, vividly, freshly 生け花 ikebana, Japanese art of flower arrangement, fresh flower 生ずる to produce, to yield, to cause 生る to bear fruit 生存 existence, being, life 生年月日 birth date, date of birth, DOB 生意気 impertinent, saucy, cheeky 生長 growth (of a plant) 産地 producing area 用語 term, terminology, wording 用途 use, service, purpose 田ぼ paddy field, farm 田植え rice planting 申し訳ない I'm sorry, (it's) inexcusable, I feel regretful 申請 application, request, petition 留まる to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) 留守番 care-taking, house-sitting, house-watching 略す to abbreviate, to abridge, to shorten 番地 house number, address 畳む to fold (clothes, umbrella), to close (a shop 発つ to depart (on a journey, trip, etc.) 発売 sale, offering for sale, release (for sale) 発射 firing (esp. a rocket or missile), launching, shooting 発想 idea, conception, way of thinking 発揮 show (of power, ability, etc.) 発電 generation of electricity, power generation, sending a telegram 登場 entrance (on the stage), appearance (in a book, film 白髪 white hair, grey hair, gray hair 的確 accurate, precise, exact 皮肉 irony, sarcasm, cynicism 皮膚 skin 盆 basin, lantern festival, tray 盆地 basin (e.g. between mountains) 盗難 theft, robbery 盛る to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.) 目上 superior, superiors, senior 目下 at present, now 目印 mark (for quick identification or recognition), sign, landmark 目安 criterion, standard, yardstick 目指す to aim at (for, to do, to become) 目次 table of contents, contents 目立つ to be conspicuous, to stand out 目覚し alarm clock, waking up, keeping oneself awake 直前 just before, just prior to, right in front of 直径 diameter 直後 immediately following 直流 direct current, DC 直線 straight line 直角 right angle 直通 direct line, direct communication, connecting directly 相互 mutual, reciprocal 相撲 sumo (wrestling), sumo wrestler, rikishi 相違 difference, discrepancy, variation 省略 omission, leaving out, abbreviation 看板 signboard, sign, billboard 看病 nursing (a patient) 県庁 prefectural office 真っ先 the head, the foremost, beginning 真っ暗 pitch-dark, pitch-black, completely dark 真っ白 pure white, blank (e.g. mind, paper) 真っ青 deep blue, bright blue, ghastly pale 真っ黒 pitch black 真似る to mimic, to imitate 真空 vacuum, absolute void, complete vacuity 着々 steadily 着ける to attach, to join, to connect 着せる to put clothes on (someone), to dress, to clothe 着替え changing clothes (on another person, e.g. a child or doll), changing the exterior parts (e.g. of a product) 睨む to glare at, to scowl at, to glower at 瞳 pupil (of eye) 矛盾 contradiction, inconsistency 矢印 arrow (symbol), (romantic) interest (for a certain person), direction (of one's attention 知人 friend, acquaintance 知合い acquaintance 短所 defect, demerit, weak point 短期 short-term 短編 short (e.g. story, film) 石鹸 soap 研修 training (esp. in-service), induction course 砕く to break (into pieces), to smash, to crush 砕ける to break (into pieces), to be broken, to be smashed 破く to tear, to rip 破れる to get torn, to tear, to rip 破片 fragment, broken piece, splinter 碁 Go 碗 porcelain bowl, tea cup 確率 probability, likelihood, chances 磁石 magnet, compass 社会科学 social science 社説 editorial, leading article, leader 祖先 ancestor 祝日 national holiday, public holiday 神様 God, god, deity 神話 myth, mythology 祭る to deify, to enshrine, to pray 祭日 national holiday, festival day 私立 private (establishment) 私鉄 private railway 秤 balances, scales, steelyard 移転 moving, relocation, change of address 稀 rare, phenomenal, dilute (acid) 税関 customs, customs house 稽古 practice, practising, training 積む to pile up, to stack, to load (car 空っぽ empty, vacant, hollow 空中 sky, air, mid-air 空想 daydream, fantasy, fancy 突き当たり end (of a street, hallway, etc.) 突き当たる to run into, to collide with, to crash into 突く to poke (repeatedly, lightly), to nudge 突っ込む to thrust (something) into (something), to cram, to stuff 窓口 counter, window, teller window 立ち止まる to stop (in one's tracks), to come to a stop, to halt 童話 children's story, fairy tale 競馬 traditional horse-racing, originally two horses head-to-head or ten at a time, esp. May 5 event at Kamigamo shrine 竹 bamboo 符号 sign, mark, symbol 筆者 writer, author 筆記 (taking) notes, copying 等分 division into equal parts, equal parts 箒 broom 算数 arithmetic, calculation 算盤 abacus, soroban, calculation (esp. of profit and loss) 箸 chopsticks 粒 grains, drop, counter for tiny particles 粗い coarse, rough 糊 paste, glue, sizing 系統 system, lineage, ancestry 紅葉 maple (tree), red leaves (of autumn), autumn colors 納める to put (into), to put away (in), to put back (in) 純情 pure heart, naivete, innocence 純粋 pure, true, genuine 紙屑 wastepaper, scrap of paper, paper scraps 紙幣 paper money, note, bill 素人 amateur, layman, ordinary person 素直 obedient, meek, docile 素質 makings (of), aptitude, talent 索引 index (in a book) 紫 purple, violet 紺 dark blue, navy 終了 end, close, termination 終点 terminus, last stop (e.g. train) 組み立てる to assemble, to put together, to set up 組合せ combination, assortment, set 経度 longitude 絞る to wring (towel, rag), to squeeze 給与 pay, salary, wages 統一 Touitsu, Unification Church (abbr), The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity 統計 statistics 絵の具 paint, coloring materials, colors 絶えず constantly, always, continually 継続 continuation, continuance, going on 続々 successively, one after another 綱 hawser, class (genus), rope 総理大臣 prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government), premier 線路 railway track, railway line, railroad 締め切る to close up, to shut up (e.g. behind doors), to cut off (e.g. because a deadline has expired) 締切 deadline, closing, cut-off 編む to knit, to plait, to braid 編物 knitting, knitted material, crochet 編集 editing, compilation 緩い loose, lenient, lax 緯度 latitude 縛る to tie, to bind, to fasten 縞 stripe 縫う to sew, to stitch, to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd) 縮む to shrink, to contract, to diminish (in size) 縮める to shorten, to reduce, to condense 縮れる to be wavy, to be curled, to be frizzled 縮小 reduction, curtailment, cut 繋がり connection, link, relationship 繋がる to be tied together, to be connected to, to be linked to 繋げる to connect, to tie, to fasten 纏まる to find resolution, to be settled, to be agreed on 纏める to collect, to put (it all) together, to integrate 缶詰 canned food, tinned food, confining someone (e.g. so they can concentrate on work) 羊毛 wool 美容 beauty, good figure, (beautiful) appearance 群れ group, crowd, flock 羨ましい envious, jealous, enviable (position 羨む to envy, to be envious of, to be jealous of 羽根 feather, plume, down 習字 penmanship, calligraphy 耕す to till, to plow, to plough 耕地 arable land, plantation, farmland 職人 craftsman, artisan, tradesman 肌着 underwear, underclothes, lingerie 肘 elbow, arm 肯定 affirmation, affirmative 育児 childcare, child-rearing, nursing 背負う to carry on one's back, to be burdened with, to take responsibility for 胡椒 pepper 能率 efficiency, moment 脂 fat, grease, tallow 脱線 derailment, digression, deviation 腰掛け seat, bench, temporary job while looking for a better job or until one marries 腰掛ける to sit (down) 膨らます to swell, to expand, to inflate 膨らむ to expand, to swell (out), to get big 膨大 huge, vast, enormous 臨時 temporary, provisional, interim 自治 self-government, autonomy, local (governmental) autonomy 自然科学 natural science 自習 self-study, teaching oneself, studying by oneself (at school) while the teacher is absent 自衛 self-defense, self-defence 至急 urgent, pressing, immediate 船便 surface mail (by ship), sea mail, ferry service 艶 glossy, luster, glaze 芯 wick 花嫁 bride 花火 fireworks 芸能 public entertainment, performing arts, accomplishments 若々しい youthful, young, young-looking 苦心 pains, hard work, effort 苦情 complaint, troubles, objection 英和 English-Japanese, English-Japanese dictionary 英文 English writing, English sentence, English text 茂る to grow thickly, to be in full leaf, to be rampant 茶碗 rice bowl, tea cup, teacup 茶色い light brown, tawny 草履 zori, traditional Japanese thonged sandals 荒い rough, wild, violent 落し物 lost property, something dropped and left behind, dropping something (without realising) 落着く to calm down, to compose oneself, to regain presence of mind 落第 failure (in an examination), failing to advance (to the next year), falling short of the standard 著す to write, to publish 葬式 funeral 蒔く to sow, to plant, to seed 蒸し暑い humid, sultry 蒸す to steam (food, towel, etc.) 蒸気 steam, vapour, vapor 蒸発 evaporation, disappearance (of a person), vanishing without a trace 蓄える to store, to save up, to stock up on 蓋 cover, lid, flap 蕎麦 buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), soba, Japanese buckwheat noodles 薄める to dilute, to water down 薄暗い dim, gloomy 薬品 medicine, chemicals 薬局 pharmacy, drugstore, chemist's (shop) 薬指 ring finger, third finger, fourth finger (in piano-playing) 薬缶 kettle, bald head 蘇る to be resurrected, to be resuscitated, to be rehabilitated 虹 rainbow 蚊 mosquito 蛇口 faucet, tap 蛍光灯 fluorescent lamp, fluorescent light, person who is slow to react 蝋燭 candle 血圧 blood pressure 血液 blood 行事 event, function 行列 line, queue, procession 街角 street corner 衣食住 food, clothing and shelter, necessities of life 表紙 cover (of a book, magazine, etc.) 被せる to cover (with something), to put on (e.g. someone's head), to pour liquid (on something) 裁縫 sewing, needlework 裂く to tear, to rip up, to cut up 裏口 backdoor, rear entrance, rear exit 裏返す to turn inside out, to turn the other way, to turn (something) over 補う to supplement, to make up for, to compensate for 製作 manufacture, production, production (of a film 複写 copying, duplication, reproduction 複数 plural, multiple, plural (number) 襖 opaque sliding door 西暦 Common Era, CE, Christian Era 要旨 (main) point, gist, key points 要領 point, gist, essentials 見下ろす to overlook, to command a view of, to look down on 見付かる to be found, to be discovered 見付ける to find, to discover, to come across 見出し heading, headline, title 見学 inspection, study by observation, field trip 見慣れる to get used to seeing, to become accustomed to seeing, to be familiar with 見掛け outward appearance, apparent 見本 sample, specimen, pattern 見直す to look at again, to re-examine (policy, estimate 見舞う to visit and comfort or console, to go to see (e.g. someone in hospital), to ask after (e.g. someone's health) 見送る to see (someone) off, to escort, to watch (someone or something) go out of sight 規律 order, observance, discipline 規準 standard, criterion, norm 覗く to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.) 親指 thumb, big toe 親類 relative, relation, kin 観念 idea, notion, concept 観測 observation, survey, measurement 角度 angle 解放 release, unleashing, liberation 解散 breaking up (a meeting, gathering, etc.) 解答 answer, solution 解説 explanation, commentary, exposition 言い付ける to tell (to do), to order, to direct 言い出す to begin to say, to start talking, to broach (a matter) 言付ける to have someone send (a message, parcel, etc.) 言葉遣い speech, expression, wording 討つ to attack, to destroy, to defeat 記号 sign, symbol, mark 訳す to translate, to interpret 診る to examine (medically), to have a look at, to check (a patient's pulse) 診断 diagnosis, medical examination 評論 criticism, critique 詫びる to apologize, to apologise, to make an apology 詰まる to be packed (with), to be filled, to be full (e.g. of a schedule) 話し掛ける to address (someone), to accost a person, to talk (to someone) 話中 busy (phone), in talks, discussion underway 話合い discussion, talk, tête-à-tête 誓う to swear, to vow, to take an oath 課程 course, curriculum 課税 taxation 調味料 seasoning, flavoring, flavouring 調整 adjustment, regulation, coordination 調節 regulation, adjustment, control 請う to beg, to ask, to request 論ずる to discuss, to talk about, to deal with (a topic) 謎謎 riddle, puzzle, enigma 謙虚 modest, humble 謙遜 modesty, humility, being humble 講師 speaker, lecturer, lecturer (at a university or college) 警備 defense, defence, guard 貝 shellfish 貨物 cargo, freight, money or assets 貯蔵 storage, preservation 貸し出し lending, loaning 貸家 house for rent 貸間 room to let, room for rent 資料 material, materials, data 賞品 prize, trophy 賞金 prize money, monetary award, reward 赤道 non-legal public road (denoted by a red line on cadastral maps; sometimes no longer physically existing) 起床 rising (from one's bed), getting up, getting out of bed 超える to cross over, to cross, to pass through 超す to cross over (e.g. mountain), to go across, to get over (e.g. hardship) 超過 excess, surplus, exceeding (a limit 足る to be sufficient, to be enough, to be worth doing 足袋 tabi, traditional split-toe socks 足跡 footprints, record of page visitors (e.g. in social networking sites) 跳ねる to jump, to leap, to prance 跳ぶ to fly, to soar, to jump 踏切 railway crossing, railroad crossing, train crossing 蹴る to kick, to refuse, to reject 身分 (social) standing, status, position 車庫 garage, carport, depot (for trains 車掌 (train) conductor 車輪 (vehicle) wheel 軟らかい soft, tender, supple 転々 moving from place to place, being passed around repeatedly, rolling about 転がす to roll, to wheel, to trundle 転がる to roll, to tumble, to fall over 載せる to place on (something), to give (someone) a ride, to give a lift 載る to be placed on, to be set on, to be piled on 輸血 blood transfusion 輸送 transport, transportation, transit 農村 agricultural community, farm village, rural 農産物 agricultural produce 農薬 agricultural chemical (i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide 近々 soon, before long, shortly 近付ける to bring near, to bring close, to let go near 近寄る to approach, to draw near 迫る to approach, to draw near, to be imminent 述語 predicate, predicate 迷信 superstition, superstitious belief 追い掛ける to chase, to run after, to pursue 追い越す to pass (e.g. car), to overtake, to surpass 追加 addition, supplement, appending 退く to move back, to draw back, to recede 退ける to put something out of the way, to move (something, someone) aside 送り仮名 kana written after a kanji to complete the full (usually kun) reading of the word, declensional kana ending 送別 farewell, send-off 送料 postage, carriage, shipping charge 逃がす to set free, to let go, to release 逆さ inverted, upside down, reversed 逆様 inverted, upside down, reversed 透き通る to be transparent, to be see-through, to be clear 透明 transparent, clear 這う to crawl, to creep, to go on all fours 通ずる to be open (to traffic), to lead to, to communicate (with) 通り掛かる to happen to pass by 通勤 commuting to work 通帳 passbook, bankbook 通用 (common) use (of a language, currency, etc.) 通知 notice, notification, report 通訳 interpretation (i.e. oral translation), interpreter 通貨 currency 通路 passage, pathway, roadway 速力 speed 速達 express, special delivery 造る to make, to produce, to manufacture 造船 shipbuilding 連合 union, combination, alliance 逸れる to lose sight of (one's companions), to stray from, to miss (one's chance to ...) 遊園地 amusement park 運河 (navigable) canal, waterway 過剰 excess, surplus, superabundance 過半数 majority 過失 accident (caused by negligence), error, blunder 過程 process, course, mechanism 道順 route, way, course 遠足 school trip, field trip, excursion 遡る to go upstream, to go up (a river), to go back (to the past or origin) 適確 accurate, precise, exact 遭う to meet, to encounter, to see 郡 county, district 部品 parts, accessories, components 部首 radical (of a kanji character) 郵送 mailing, posting 都心 city centre (esp. of Tokyo), heart of a city, downtown area 酌む to pour (sake), to serve, to drink (together) 配る to distribute, to hand out, to deliver 酒場 bar, pub, tavern 酔っ払い drunkard 酢 vinegar, sour, acid 酸性 acidity, acidic 醜い ugly, unattractive, bad-looking 醤油 soy sauce, soya sauce, shoyu 重たい heavy, weighty, heavy (feeling 重なる main, principal, important 重ねる to pile up, to heap up, to stack up 重体 serious condition, critical condition 重力 gravity, gravitation, gravitational pull 重役 (company) director, executive, top management 重点 important point, emphasis, stress 重量 weight 量る to measure, to weigh, to survey 金魚 goldfish (Carassius auratus) 釘 nail, tack, peg 釜 kettle, cauldron, iron pot 針路 course, direction 針金 wire 釣り合う to balance, to be in harmony, to be in equilibrium 鈍い thickheaded, obtuse, stupid 鈴 small bell, buzzer 鉄橋 railway bridge, iron bridge 鉄砲 gun, wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice, puffer fish 鉢 bowl, rice tub, pot 鉱物 mineral 銅 copper 銘々 each, individual 錆 rust, tarnish 錆びる to rust, to become rusty 録音 (audio) recording 鐘 bell, gong, chimes 鑑賞 appreciation (of art, music, poetry 長女 eldest daughter, first-born daughter 長引く to be prolonged, to drag on, to take a long time 長所 strong point, merit, virtue 長方形 rectangle, oblong 長男 eldest son (may be the only son), first-born son 長短 (relative) length, advantages and disadvantages, pluses and minuses 閉会 closure (of a ceremony, event, meeting 開会 opening of a meeting 開放 opening (a door, window, etc.) 開通 opening (of a new road, railway, etc.) 間も無く soon, shortly, before long 間接 indirection, indirectness 間隔 space, interval, space character 関東 Kantō (region comprising Tokyo and surrounding prefectures), Kantō (eastern half of Japan; during the feudal era) 関西 Kansai (region comprising Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and surrounding prefectures) 防止 prevention, check 防犯 prevention of crime, security (device, camera 附属 being attached (to), being affiliated (to), belonging (to) 限度 limit, bounds 険しい precipitous, rugged, inaccessible 陽射 sunlight, rays of the Sun 随筆 essays, miscellaneous writings, literary jottings 隔てる to separate (by distance, time, etc.) 隙間 gap, opening, aperture 障子 shoji (paper sliding door) 集会 meeting, assembly, gathering 集合 meeting up, gathering, assembly 集金 money collection 雑巾 house-cloth, dust cloth 雑音 noise (usu. unpleasant), interference (e.g. radio), static 雨戸 sliding storm shutter 零点 zero (points, marks), no marks 電力 electric power 電柱 utility pole, power pole, telephone pole 電池 battery, cell 電波 radio wave, reception, signal 電流 electric current 電球 light bulb 青少年 young people, youth, the younger generation 青白い pale, pallid, bluish-white 静まる to become quiet, to quiet down, to quieten down 面倒臭い bothersome, tiresome, bother to do 面接 interview (e.g. for a job) 面積 area (measurement), square measure, size (of land) 響き echo, reverberation, sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity 響く to resound, to reverberate, to make a stir 頂点 vertex, apex, top (e.g. of a mountain) 項目 item, heading, category 順々 in order, in turn 順序 order, sequence, procedure 預かる to look after, to take care of, to keep 領事 consul 領収 receipt (of money), receiving 頭脳 head, brains, intellect 頼もしい reliable, dependable, trustworthy 題名 title, caption, heading 顕微鏡 microscope 風呂敷 wrapping cloth, cloth wrapper 風船 balloon (toy or decoration), balloon (hot-air or gas) 飛び込む to jump in, to leap in, to plunge into 食器 tableware 食塩 table salt 飢える to starve, to be famished, to be hungry 飢饉 famine, crop failure, chronic shortage (e.g. of water) 飽くまで to the end, to the bitter end, to the last 飾り decoration, ornament, trimmings 餅 mochi rice cake 養分 nutrient, nourishment 香水 scented water used for purification, water offering to Buddha 馴れる to get used to, to grow accustomed to, to become familiar with 騒々しい noisy, loud, boisterous 騒がしい noisy, boisterous, turbulent (era 驚かす to surprise, to frighten, to create a stir 高める to raise, to lift, to boost 高層 high-rise (building), multistory, multistoried 高度 altitude, height, elevation 高等 high class, high grade 高級 high-class, high-grade, high-quality 髭 beard, mustache 鳴らす to ring, to sound, to chime 麓 foot of a mountain